Leaders of the global push to establish 5G should agree on the technology and a roll-out timetable by the end of 2015, European Digital Agenda Commissioner Neelie Kroes said Monday at the GSM Association mobile world summit in Barcelona. The new technology will bring “exponential” change and is the “key to a new paradigm, to a connected society, to the Internet of Things,” Kroes’ written remarks said. Among other things, 5G enables e-health services such as remote surgery and the ability to use new apps even in crowded places, said an EC memo (bit.ly/Nrm3x). Last year, the EC put 700 million euros ($960 million) on the table to jump-start European research, and the telecom sector responded with more more 3 billion euros, she said. Other countries, such as South Korea, are also putting up funding for 5G research, she said. Global cooperation and convergence is needed to make 5G ubiquitous and interoperable, she said. But Kroes said 5G “does not mean that we can do without 4G.” The newer technology won’t be deployed on a large-scale basis for many years, and it needs 4G and 3G to get there, as well as 2G networks and Wi-Fi, she said. In 2013, 5G was a topic only at conferences, but now it’s happening in the lab, she said, and Europe should lead the way.

Fiber-to-the-home/building (FTTH/B) is the leading global high-speed broadband solution, but regional uptake varies widely, IDATE analysts said Wednesday at an FTTH conference in Stockholm. IDATE’s world FTTx database provides data on the high-speed broadband market that covers more than 70 countries and 150 key players, said the firm, which is part of an institute that says it’s backed by “nearly 40 major players in the digital economy.” Revenue is expected to grow 95 percent over the next five years, to 182 billion euros ($250 billion) in 2017, said lead analyst Valérie Chaillou in a news release. Eastern Europe’s ultra-fast broadband subscriptions uptake rate will rise from 28 percent to 49 percent in the five years, much higher than in Western Europe, IDATE said. FTTH/B is clearly the technology of choice in the Asia-Pacific region, while fiber-to-the-last-amplifier leads in Western Europe and North America, it said. VDSL is, however, the technology of choice for some European incumbents, and Latin America and Middle East countries are just beginning their next-generation access network rollouts, it said. Some major European telcos still question the need for investing in FTTH/B, and some are “betting on the future capacities of copperbased networks,” it said. Six Asian and four American telcos make up the world’s top 10 FTTH operators, IDATE said. FTTH/B is gathering speed in Europe, with the total number of fiber subscribers growing by 29 percent in 2103, said the FTTH Council Europe. Thirteen EU countries have experienced subscriber growth of more than 30 percent, including Spain, the Netherlands, France and Portugal, it said. The region’s leaders, however, are France and Sweden, each with more than 1.2 million FTTH/B subscribers. Russia “remains a heavyweight” with around 9 million subscribers, it said. Outside Europe, China and Japan “are the unmatched world leaders,” it said. The numbers may sound impressive, but there’s still a long way to go, the council said. A country only reaches “fiber maturity” when 20 percent of its households are FTTH/B subscribers, and so far, only nine countries have reached that point, it said. The United Arab Emirates led the global FTTH rankings, it said. Germany and the U.K. have less than 1 percent penetration, “and once again conspicuously failed to qualify” for the ranking, the council said. “We need to do more and I can’t help but feel that some policy makers underestimate the danger of not getting to fibre to the home networks quickly enough,” said FTTH Council Europe President Karin Ahl in a news release. Within the next 30 years, Ahl said 70 percent of the economy “is likely to be driven by firms and products we know nothing about today."

The FCC is among federal agencies preparing a draft agreement for Customs and Border Protection that would protect import and export data shared through the International Trade Data System (ITDS), said a recent report on the coming ITDS (http://1.usa.gov/1fwD0yN). President Barack Obama issued an executive order Wednesday establishing Dec. 31, 2016, as the deadline for the completion of the ITDS. The database will simplify the filing of cargo import and export information required by numerous agencies, said the White House. Obama’s order said it’s (http://1.usa.gov/1bLZDlX) meant to propel necessary data sharing agreements among the agencies, including the FCC. “Independent agencies are strongly encouraged to comply with the requirements of this order,” said the White House said.

The National Security Agency’s surveillance “has been excessive,” said German Interior Minister Thomas de Maizière during the opening panel session of a security conference in Munich on Friday. Countering the assertion of U.S. House Intelligence Committee Chairman Mike Rogers, R-Mich., that some media reports on NSA surveillance are factually incorrect, de Maizière said an easy way to end dependency on ex-NSA contractor Edward Snowden for such information would be if U.S. government officials would share information with German colleagues directly. De Maizière also said during the session, which was packed with heads of state, ministers and security experts, that he was not expecting too much from a no-spy agreement. Countering allegations by Rogers that the U.S., too, was a target of broad espionage activities, de Maizière said that “we don’t spy on the government.” Rogers rejected allegations NSA could be involved in industry espionage. “If they do it, they go to jail,” he said. The lawmaker warned Europe against losing sight of what is the real threat. “We work through it as a family,” he said with regard to the loss in trust. “But the Chinese are on your networks, the Russians are on your networks. The Iranians are and the North Koreans are buying capacity to get on.” Rogers warned against commingling the negotiations of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) Agreement with spying revelations. Elmar Brok, member of the European Parliament, warned if the U.S. would not move, for example, with regard to the long-debated data protection framework agreement, TTIP was doomed to fail in the European Parliament. Representatives of Microsoft, Huawei and others called for better defenses, but also global standards. The security conference was to have ended Sunday, with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry on Saturday to have talked about a so-called transatlantic renaissance.

Europe needs a new data protection compact, said EU Justice, Fundamental Rights and Citizenship Commissioner Viviane Reding Tuesday. From a citizen’s perspective, the issues of data collection by companies and government surveillance are connected, Reding said at the Center for European Policy Studies in Brussels. Surveillance involves companies whose services people use daily, through which governments build back doors and weaken encryption, she said. Concerns about snooping drive consumers away from digital services. From citizens’ perspectives, the underlying issue is the same in both cases, she said. “Data should not be processed simply because algorithms are refined.” Europe is responding to the revelations of U.S. spying by pressuring the U.S. to make the safe harbor agreement for transfer of Europeans’ personal data to the U.S. stronger, she said. It’s also pushing for a strong EU-U.S. data protection pact in the law enforcement arena and to ensure that European concerns are addressed in the reform of U.S surveillance programs, she said. But Reding warned that if the EU wants to be credible in its efforts to rebuild trust in the digital economy, it must clean up its own act. EU lawmakers want a strong data protection regulation now, but governments haven’t agreed on anything other than finishing data protection reform in a “timely” manner, at the latest by year’s end, she said. “This is a lowest and slowest common denominator approach” when high standards and protection levels, and speedy completion of the work, are needed, she said. She also criticized some EU members for failing to serve as an example on privacy for other parts of the world. Reding singled out the U.K.’s Tempora surveillance program, saying national security is up to each individual administration, but “if I come across a single email, a single piece of evidence” that Tempora isn’t used strictly for national security, “I will launch infringement proceedings.” Other bad examples are the lack of independence of Germany’s federal data protection commissioner, and Europe’s faulty data retention law, which allows information to be held for too long and to be too easily accessed, she said. Reding outlined data protection principles to govern the way the public and private sector process personal information: (1) Quick approval of the data protection reform package, which should apply to the public and private sectors alike. (2) Public debate on laws setting out data protection rules or affecting privacy. (3) Restricting data collection in surveillance to what’s proportionate to the goals of the spying. (4) Clear laws that are updated for technological change. (5) Invoking national security needs for data collection sparingly. (6) Oversight by judicial authorities. Reding also sent a message to the U.S. saying “data protection rules should apply irrespective of the nationality of the person concerned.”

Circumventing technological protection measures (TPMs) in game consoles may be legal in certain circumstances, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) ruled Thursday (http://bit.ly/1f8Xrn7). The case, Nintendo v. PC Box, involved the sale by PC Box of “mod chips” and “game copies” through a website managed by it and hosted by 9Net, the court said. Nintendo installs TPMs on its portable DS model and fixed Wii consoles to prevent illegal copying of videogames; and games lacking the encrypted code can’t be launched on either of the equipment types marketed by Nintendo, it said. The TPMs also prevent the use on Nintendo consoles of programs, games and multimedia content not from Nintendo, it said. PC Box markets original Nintendo consoles along with additional software that consist of applications from independent manufacturers, the use of which requires the installation of PC Box equipment that circumvents and deactivates the consoles’ TPM, it said. Nintendo sued PC Box and 9Net in Italy, where PC Box contended that Nintendo’s real reason for installing TPMs is to prevent use of independent software that isn’t an illegal copy of videogames but is intended to enable MP3 files, movies and videos to be read on the consoles in order to make full use of the devices, the court said. The Italian court referred the case to the EU high court to clarify Nintendo’s legal protection under the EU directive on the harmonization of certain aspects of copyright in the information society. Copyright protection against unauthorized acts “must respect the principle of proportionality,” and shouldn’t prohibit devices or activities that have a “commercially significant purpose or use other than to circumvent the technical protection,” the ECJ said. The scope of legal protection of TPMs shouldn’t be gauged according to how use of a console is defined by the copyright holder, but by examining its purpose for the circumvention of TPMs, taking account of the use that third parties actually make of them, the court said. It’s up to the Italian court to determine whether other effective TPMs would cause less interference with third parties’ use of the consoles while still offering comparable protection of Nintendo’s rights, it said. Among other things, the national court could consider the costs of different types of technical measures, and whether PC Box’s equipment is used more often to run unlawful copies of Nintendo games or for non-infringing purposes, it said. The decision “may have an important effect in the development of copyright legislation in Europe,” said independent telecom consultant Innocenzo Genna on his radiobruxelleslibera blog (http://bit.ly/LYufoE). Although the ruling deals with a very specific case, the court gave “an important signal” to the EU institutions that will be revising EU copyright law in coming years, he said. The decision shows that “not everything is piracy,” and that copyright protection shouldn’t be allowed to undermine innovation and business development, he said.

A proposal by the U.K. Office of Communications to quadruple annual license fees for 900 MHz and 1800 MHz spectrum will jeopardize operators’ efforts to upgrade for 4G services, said GSM Association Chief Regulatory Officer Tom Phillips Thursday in a press release (http://xrl.us/bqhfxz). The association was responding to an Ofcom consultation that closed Jan. 16 (http://xrl.us/bqhfxi). GSMA research shows Europe lags significantly behind the U.S. in rolling out next-generation wireless infrastructure, he said. Raising the fees from £24.8 million (around $41 million) to more than £138 million for the 900 MHz band, and from around £40 million to £170 million for 1800 MHz, could slow buildout, potentially putting British businesses at an international disadvantage and denying consumers access to the latest mobile services, he said.

Twelve businesses agreed to settle FTC complaints they falsely claimed they were compliant with the U.S.-EU safe harbor agreement, said an FTC release Tuesday (http://1.usa.gov/KDG81F). Companies certified under the safe harbor agreement can transfer consumer data from the European Union to the U.S. in compliance with EU data security laws, said the FTC. “Enforcement of the U.S.-EU Safe Harbor Framework is a Commission priority,” said FTC Chairwoman Edith Ramirez in a statement. The companies involved span a number of industries, including peer-to-peer product maker BitTorrent Inc., Internet backbone provider Level 3, encrypted email and file transfer service DataMotion and mobile app designer Apperian. “These 12 cases help ensure the integrity of the Safe Harbor Framework and send the signal to companies that they cannot falsely claim participation in the program,” Ramirez said. Under the settlement, the companies can no longer misrepresent their participation “in any privacy or data security program sponsored by the government or any other self-regulatory or standard-setting organization,” the FTC said. The FTC commissioners voted 4-0 in favor of accepting the consent agreements, which will be open to public comments until Feb. 20.

Germany must take the lead in pushing through reform of EU data protection rules, said outgoing European Data Protection Supervisor Peter Hustinx. Germany claims a special responsibility and role in the privacy arena, and the new German government can tackle the subject with enough drive and energy to lead Europe to a higher level of data protection, he said in a speech this week in Bonn. Revised data protection rules will define clearer responsibilities for organizations and more consistency and uniformity in privacy across online and traditional markets, so it’s essential that progress on the reform package is made before political and economic interests restrict basic rights, he said. Hustinx also called for an EU-level framework for net neutrality, saying the Internet is a key means of cross-border economic and social exchange. However, he said, the European Commission’s “connected continent” proposal for a regulation on e-communications will unduly limit Internet freedom because it gives almost unlimited rights to providers to manage traffic. Moreover, the large-scale monitoring and restriction of users’ Internet communications made possible in the proposal breach EU data protection legislation and the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, he said. Users in democratic societies should be certain their rights to privacy and confidentiality of their communications, and protection of the personal information, are respected, he said.

The German Parliament opposition parties asked the German government to support suspension of several agreements with the U.S. on data transfers and to pass a resolution to invite former NSA contractor Edward Snowden to testify before a parliamentary inquiry expected to start next month. “This house can pass a resolution to bring Edward Snowden to Berlin to give us the information the NSA is not giving to us,” said Green Party member Hans-Christian Stroebele in the debate. Snowden is the only person willing and able to testify, he said. Stroebele, a member of the parliamentary control committee overseeing the German intelligence services, met Snowden at a surprise visit in Moscow late last year and has been promoting the invitation. Jan Korte, vice chairman of the Left Party, requested the suspension of the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program, Passenger Name Records and the Safe Harbor Agreement. “Diplomats caught in spying on our government in here in Germany should become ‘persona non grata,'” Korte said. Members of the ruling coalition of Conservatives and Social Democrats acknowledged the failure of the U.S. administration to provide adequate information requested by the German government with regard to the spy affair, which also targeted Chancellor Angela Merkel. “Responses provided so far are highly unsatisfactory,” said the parliamentary state secretary from the Ministry of the Interior. Negotiations on the no-spy-agreement are continuing, he said.