The Patent and Trademark Office expanded the hearing locations of its Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB), it said in a news release Friday. The hearing locations now include Alexandria, Virginia; Detroit; Denver; and San Jose. A hearing location in Dallas is "in the near future," the PTO said.

The Patent and Trademark Office will host two "roadshows" in November as part of its patent quality discussion series, it said in a news release Friday. Western Michigan University Law School will host the first event on Nov. 4, and North Carolina Central University Law School will hold the second on Nov. 6. PTO patent quality experts and executives will lead discussions on global patent prosecution improvements, measuring patent quality, enhancing examiner interviews and patent automation initiatives, the release said.

The Patent and Trademark Office officially opened its new location in Silicon Valley, it said in a news release Thursday. The office, located in San Jose, California, will "help the West Coast region's entrepreneurs advance cutting-edge ideas to the marketplace, grow their businesses, and more efficiently navigate the world's strongest intellectual property system," the release said. Director Michelle Lee participated in Thursday's ribbon-cutting ceremony, and in her remarks, announced the PTO's new startup partnership. Lee said the partnership is a "robust, public-private collaboration with area innovators" that will ensure startups have increased and easier access to information about intellectual property, tailor existing IP resources and programs to the needs of the startup community, and develop new IP resources where appropriate to better serve newer companies.

Google's project to digitize portions of the world’s books constitutes an acceptable example of fair use, the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals said Friday in a ruling. A three-judge 2nd Circuit panel affirmed a 2013 ruling by the U.S. District Court in New York, which has also rejected the lawsuit led by the Authors Guild that challenged Google’s project on the grounds that it would significantly hurt the publishing industry (see report in the Nov. 15, 2013, issue). Legal experts previously said they anticipated that Google would prevail at the 2nd Circuit (see 1410300049). Although publishing portions of books free via Google Books’ “snippet view” may “cause some loss of sales,” that “does not suffice to make the copy an effectively competing substitute,” Judge Pierre Leval said in the 2nd Circuit's opinion. Sales losses from the Google Books snippets “will generally occur in relation to interests that are not protected by the copyright” like confirming simple facts, while copyright law “protects only the author’s manner of expression,” the court said. Google Books allows a maximum of 77 percent of a book’s content to be displayed via snippet view, and those portions are divided up in a way that doesn’t allow long sequences of text to be read. “Google’s division of the page into tiny snippets is designed to show the searcher just enough context surrounding the searched term to help her evaluate whether the book falls within the scope of her interest,” the 2nd Circuit said. “Snippet view thus adds importantly to the highly transformative purpose of identifying books of interest to the searcher.” The Authors Guild believes “that the Supreme Court will see fit to correct the Second Circuit’s reduction of fair use to a one-factor test -- whether the use is, in the court’s eye, ‘transformative,’” Executive Director Mary Rasenberger said in a statement.

Aerosmith lead singer Steven Tyler urged the House Wednesday to move forward on Copyright Act revamp legislation, saying in a Huffington Post blog post that lawmakers should support “the effort to reform outdated copyright laws, do away with [the] government standard for artist compensation, and make sure creators are paid fairly when other business[es] use our work.” More than 1,650 musicians and songwriters affiliated with the Recording Academy-backed Grammy Creators Alliance were to visit House members’ home district offices Wednesday to advocate for copyright legislation, Tyler wrote. Tyler co-founded the Grammy Creators Alliance earlier this year (see 1502090051) and has previously met with House Judiciary Committee Chairman Bob Goodlatte, R-Va., about the committee’s ongoing Copyright Act review. Goodlatte “really believes that the laws need to change so that songwriters and artists are paid fairly, and he is doing something about it,” Tyler said. “Big changes are happening right now in copyright reform as a result of massive technology changes and with the way fans pay for music and consume music. These changes can be a good thing for songwriters and up-and-coming artists, if we are paid fairly by those who make money using our work.” Tyler also attracted the attention of copyright stakeholders earlier this week when he sent a cease-and-desist letter to the campaign of Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump urging the Trump campaign to stop using Aerosmith’s “Dream On” at campaign events. Trump’s campaign has agreed to stop using the song. “My intent was not to make a political statement, but to make one about the rights of my fellow music creators,” Tyler said.

Sen. Ron Wyden, D-Ore., is urging the Copyright Office to grant several proposed software-related exemptions to Digital Millennium Copyright Act Section 1201's anti-circumvention rules. He said in a Wall Street Journal op-ed that failure to grant those exemptions “would be a massive mistake, and Americans need to speak up.” The CO is considering 27 exemptions as part of its triennial Section 1201 exemptions rulemaking process, including several exemptions for unlocking or jailbreaking mobile devices. The CO is expected to release its ruling on the exemptions Oct. 28 (see 1510080054). Wyden highlighted a proposed exemption that would allow security researchers to circumvent technological protection measures on vehicle software, saying the exemption would have allowed researchers to detect Volkswagen's use of software in its diesel vehicles to manipulate the results of emissions tests far earlier. “The obstacle thrown up against access to copyrighted software makes it more difficult for researchers and engineers to find similar problems in the future,” Wyden said. The Electronic Frontier Foundation made a similar argument last month shortly after the EPA uncovered the software manipulation (see 1509220060). Wyden also called for the CO to grant exemptions related to medical devices and other connected devices. “Coffee makers, thermostats, hot-water heaters, blow driers, watches, fireplaces and cars are all increasingly controlled by software,” Wyden said. “Their owners should be able to examine these devices’ software -- which is often as important as the hardware.”

The Patent and Trademark Office's Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) upheld a Securus patent in a ruling on a petition filed by industry competitor Global Tel*Link (GTL) seeking to invalidate the patent, Securus said in a news release Monday. The disputed patent concerned an incentive program that offered discounted calling rates for prison inmates exhibiting good behavior, and is the first of Securus' patents challenged by GTL under the new PTAB review proceedings to be upheld. The PTAB recently invalidated two patents held by Securus after GTL filed petitions for review (see 1509140069). "GTL had requested the [PTAB] invalidate approximately 18 of our patents -- two have been invalidated and one has been upheld -- those are ratios that we expected, so no surprises there," Securus CEO Richard Smith said. "Ultimately -- the number of patent invalidations that GTL seeks is irrelevant to me." There will be no change in how the company operates if one of its patents is invalidated, Smith said, and if GTL successfully invalidates all the patents it has filed petitions against, Securus will still have more than 92 percent of all issued and pending patents in place. GTL didn't comment.

Creative Commons (CC) urged the U.S. Copyright Office Friday to reconsider its proposed extended collective licensing (ECL) pilot program for mass digitization projects, saying in a filing that the fair use doctrine has actually been strengthened via recent court decisions “that have increased the certainty with which a number of entities can engage in mass digitization.” The Authors Alliance has similarly urged CO to reconsider implementing ECL (see 1510090057). Other countries that have or are considering an ECL program “do not have a flexible and reliable exception or limitation on which those engaging in mass digitization can dependably rely,” CC said. ECL programs “have many drawbacks (such as the often low levels of representation among collecting societies, the existence of sectors without collective rights management, the difficulties of agreeing on remuneration, and the sometimes-opaque methods of distribution of licensing fees) that European cultural heritage institutions are willing to accept because they have no other option,” CC said. “U.S. institutions -- such as university libraries -- can rely on fair use.”

U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Director Michelle Lee signed three Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) while in Geneva for meetings of the World Intellectual Property Organization, the PTO said in a news release Thursday. Lee signed separate MOUs with the European Patent Office (EPO), the Intellectual Property Office of Singapore (IPOS) and the Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines (IPOPHIL). Under one MOU, the USPTO and EPO will "help advance international adoption of the Cooperative Patent Classification system while improving collaboration between the two patent offices," the release said. The MOU between the USPTO and IPOS "will increase international prior art searches under the Patent Cooperation Treaty," while the memorandum between the USPTO and IPOPHIL will "expand existing collaboration between the two offices and strengthens cooperation by sharing best practices and undertaking joint activities to improve operations and harmonization of patent application processing," the PTO said.

The Authors Alliance urged the U.S. Copyright Office to reconsider implementing its proposed extended collective licensing pilot program for mass digitization projects, saying in a Friday filing the current program proposal doesn't adequately address authors' interests. The pilot program proposal also doesn't consider the complexities involved in managing licenses owned by multiple copyright owners. Authors Alliance co-founder Pamela Samuelson, a University of California-Berkeley School of Law professor, separately offered alternative proposals to the CO, including having Congress adopt a permanent exemption to U.S. copyright law that would allow nonprofit libraries to digitize their collections and make those digital copies available on library premises for research purposes.